crown broadly ovate, later irregular, wide to flat, sparse
the branches grow in whorls almost horizontally from the trunk, they are relatively thick
the bark is gray-brown, scaly, dark gray in old age, deeply cracked
a distinctive feature is the frequent adventitious shoots on older branches and trunks, which are short with densely grouped needles
according to the number of the needles on the brachyblast and the location of the navel on the label, we classify it in the section Pinaster and subsection Taeda (genus pine).
Leaves (assimilation organs)
assimilation organs needle-like, 70-90 (- 140) x 1.5-2 mm large, pointed, rough, almost flat, slightly curved, twisted around the longitudinal axis
needles are grouped in bundles of 3 on brachyblasts
last only 2 - 3 years
Flowers
monoecious wood, flowers of different sexes
♂ cones are oblong-ovate, yellow, rarely reddish, grow at the base of this year's shoots
♀ cones are ovoid, stalked, green to reddish, grow on the sides of this year's shoots (but also around the terminal bud)
Fruits – seeds
fruit is a cone, ovoid, 4 - 8 x 4 - 5 cm large, light brown, shiny, later dull
the label is rhomboid, slightly raised, the navel runs into a sharp solid tip
the cones ripen in the autumn of the second year
the seed is 5 x 4 mm in size, inverted ovoid, dark brown to black, the wing is 15 - 20 mm long, light brown
Extension
originally is widespread in the eastern part of the North American continent
was introduced to Europe in 1750
Ecology
light-loving woody plant
grows on dry, sandy to stony soils, but also on moist peat soils with a lack of nutrients
undemanding to soil quality, resistant to low temperatures
heavy, wet snow often breaks through it
Significance
ornamental park tree, interesting for the formation of stem shoots
